Insulation Status Detection Thiab Fault Detection Ntawm Switchgear

Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob tau siv dav hauv kev sib kis thiab kev sib txuas, nrog rau kev hloov pauv, tswj, thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws txoj kev ntseeg siab ua haujlwm ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub zog hluav taws xob zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam, kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua cov qauv tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas cov txheej txheem niaj hnub thiab kev ua neej nyob hauv cov nroog, ua rau muaj kev sib tw tshiab rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li lub hwj chim switchgear. Cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub switchgear muaj ntau haiv neeg, thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm tiag tiag yog qhov nyuaj (siab kub, plua plav, av noo, thiab lwm yam). Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab cov txheej txheem tsis zoo tuaj yeem muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ib nrab (PD) raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob. Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm lub chaw lis haujlwm tau ua rau muaj kev laus zuj zus ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo los ntawm cov teeb meem rwb thaiv tsev yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tsoo switchgear.

Tam sim no, kev tshuaj xyuas ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm switchgear, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm switchgear, thiab tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tuam txhab kab sib chaws. Raws li cov qauv kev soj ntsuam sib txawv thiab cov teeb liab tau txais, cov high-voltage switchgear feem ntau suav nrog: ultra-high zaus (UHF) ib feem ntawm kev kuaj xyuas, qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo (TEV) hauv zos tshuaj xyuas, ultrasonic (AE) kev kuaj xyuas ib nrab thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov saum toj no tshuab. Nrog rau lub tswv yim ntawm "Peb Hom thiab Ob Lub Networks" lub tswv yim ntawm State Grid Corporation ntawm Tuam Tshoj, lub zog hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv txhim kho mus rau automation thiab kev txawj ntse. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv tshuab sensor siab, ntsuas tshuab, network technology, thiab kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov yuam kev ntawm switchgear.

Daim ntawv no ua ntej qhia txog cov teeb meem kev rwb thaiv tsev tseem ceeb ntawm switchgear thiab ntau hom kev tso tawm ib nrab, tom qab ntawd sib tham txog cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tos ntsoov rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv lub xeev kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm lub hwj chim switchgear hauv qhov xwm txheej tshiab.

1. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm switchgear

Raws li kev txheeb cais tsis tiav, 37.2 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov teeb meem hloov pauv yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov teeb meem rwb thaiv tsev hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhia tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis raug, kev hloov pauv, thiab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov kua dej ntawm lub switchgear, thaum lub conductive Circuit Court tiv tauj nrog oxidation, xoob kev sib cuag, los yog overload, nws yuav ua rau cov neeg pluag kev sib cuag, muaj zog Circuit Court kuj, tam sim no nqa faults, siab tiv tauj kub, thiab ib puag ncig kub, ua rau rwb thaiv tsev thermal. kev laus. Ib puag ncig yam xws li plua plav paug thiab huab cua noo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev nruab nrab, ua rau kev hloov pauv tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hluav taws xob kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab, kev laus thermal, thiab kev laus tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm switchgear yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kom raws sij hawm, hloov, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev faults. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub switchgear feem ntau yog siv ib nrab tawm thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm (xws li kub, huab cua siab, av noo, thiab lwm yam) raws li lub hom phiaj nrhiav kom pom, Ib nrab tso tawm yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau cov teeb meem rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv no tsom mus rau ib feem ntawm qhov paug nrhiav kom tau txoj kev switchgear.

Lub sij hawm incubation ntawm rwb thaiv tsev faults tuaj yeem ua rau paug phenomena. Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm switchgear: sab hauv paug tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev nruab nrab, xws li sib nqus ceev thiab impurities nkag mus rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev nruab nrab; Ntsis arc paug tshwm sim los ntawm burrs ntawm cov hlau uas raug huab cua; Tshem tawm raws txoj kab uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa phem nyob rau saum npoo ntawm qhov nruab nrab insulating; Cov qauv tsim kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ntab muaj peev xwm tawm los ntawm kev thauj mus los tsis zoo thiab kev sib cuag. Daim duab schematic ntawm ntau hom kev tso tawm tau pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1. Lub spectra ntawm ntau hom kev faib tawm theem kev tsom xam (PRPD) muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 2. Lub PRPD spectra ntawm ntau hom paug tawm muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho tseem ceeb. lub hauv paus rau cov qauv paub raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev tso tawm theem thiab qhov muaj peev xwm loj.

Hauv zos ncaj qha thiab pom tseeb tshwm sim ua rau lub zog ntawm cov nqi ntawm electrodes. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog: ① kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom xa tawm ntawm qhov chaw tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov paug tawm, cov khoom them yuav sai sai hloov ntawm lub cev mus rau lub cev tsis them nyiaj (xws li switchgear), thiab tsim kom muaj cov zaus tam sim no ntawm lub cev tsis them. ② Radiate high-frequency electromagnetic yoj qhia. Raws li Maxwell txoj kev xav ntawm electromagnetic teb, ib feem ntawm qhov paug tawm yuav tsim cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv, thiab cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv yuav ua rau cov hlau nplaum sib nqus, kom cov hluav taws xob sib txawv thiab cov hlau nplaum sib nqus yuav ua rau ib leeg thiab nthuav tawm sab nraud kom tsim hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, cov pa tawm pulse yuav tsim high-frequency electromagnetic nthwv dej thiab tawm sab nraud. Raws li ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus saum toj no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tso tawm ib nrab yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov cim ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no thiab hluav taws xob. Qhov tseeb, ib nrab tso tawm yog nrog los ntawm ultrasound, cov khoom siv roj, lub teeb thiab cua sov. Raws li cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev no cuam tshuam nrog kev tso tawm ib nrab, cov txheej txheem tshawb pom tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab tsis siv hluav taws xob ntsuas.

Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm lub hwj chim switchgear tau muab faib ua offline nrhiav pom thiab nyob nrhiav tau raws li qhov kev tshawb pom. Kev tshawb nrhiav offline muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev cuam tshuam keeb kwm yav dhau los qis, tab sis vim qhov xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tus nqi siab, thiab kev siv sijhawm ntev, nws maj mam hloov los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav nyob. Kev tshawb nrhiav nyob tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev tshawb nrhiav tsis tu ncua thiab saib xyuas online. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua cia siab rau cov cuab yeej los xyuas cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Kev saib xyuas online feem ntau suav nrog kev tso cov sensors ntawm cov cuab yeej saib xyuas sab hauv lossis ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov cuab yeej sim rau lub sijhawm ntev los saib xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv lub sijhawm. Kev soj ntsuam tsis tu ncua thiab kev saib xyuas hauv online muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tas mus li rau cov khoom siv kuaj, thiab cov kev kuaj xyuas tau zoo tag nrho nrog rau kev ua haujlwm. Kev soj ntsuam online muaj peev xwm saib xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej rwb thaiv tsev tam sim no ntawm switchgear hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm kev ua txhaum thiab kwv yees lawv, thiab ua kom cov lus teb siab dua thiab raug rau kev cuam tshuam uas tau tshwm sim. Nws tau dhau los ua txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav hauv lub xeev tam sim no thiab kev ua txhaum.

2. ib feem ntawm kev kuaj xyuas tshuab

Txoj kev kuaj pom ib nrab yog ua raws li ntau yam kev hloov ntawm lub cev uas tsim los ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov paug tawm, thiab lub zog ntawm qhov paug tawm ib nrab yog qhia los ntawm kev ntsuas lub cev ntau npaum li cas los ntawm ntau yam tshwm sim. Cov txheej txheem kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj xws li ultra-high zaus (UHF) nrhiav kom tau txoj kev, kev hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv (TEV) txoj kev tshawb nrhiav, ultrasonic (AE) txoj kev nrhiav kom pom, infrared nrhiav txoj hauv kev, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj. Ntawm lawv, ultra-siab zaus. (UHF) txoj kev tshawb nrhiav, kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob (TEV) txoj kev tshawb nrhiav thiab ultrasonic (AE) txoj kev tshawb pom feem ntau yog siv rau kev kuaj pom ib nrab hauv lub switchgear.

2.1 Ultra High Frequency (UHF) nrhiav kom tau txoj kev

Ultra high zaus (UHF) nrhiav kom tau txoj kev yog ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav rau kev sau, txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim rau lub zos electromagnetic yoj teeb liab nrog ib zaus ntawm 500 ~ 1500mHz [5]. UHF electromagnetic yoj tau txais hluav taws xob los ntawm UHF sensor (tseem hu ua coupler), uas tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nthwv dej rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob kom paub txog kev kuaj pom ib nrab. UHF sensors muab faib ua built-in sensors thiab sab nraud sensors. UHF nrhiav kom tau txoj kev muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kuaj pom lub teeb liab ntau zaus thiab ob peb lub teeb liab cuam tshuam sab nraud, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev kuaj pom ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev saib xyuas online, UHF muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo, kev ntseeg tau thiab rhiab heev. Kev kuaj pom ib nrab ntawm UHF kev kuaj pom muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 3. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws tau pom tias cov txheej txheem ultra-high zaus muaj kev cia siab zoo hauv kev saib xyuas online ntawm high-voltage switchgear.

2.2 Ultrasonic (AE) xeem txoj kev

Ultrasound, zoo li lub suab nthwv dej, yog daim ntawv nthuav tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev tso tawm ib nrab yog ib qho kev tso tawm sai lossis hloov cov txheej txheem. Thaum ib feem tawm tshwm sim, lub zog hluav taws xob hauv cheeb tsam kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab thiab kev quab yuam tsis sib luag, thiab tom qab ntawd cov teeb liab ultrasonic yog generated. Ultrasonic signals feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm ultrasonic nthwv dej nrog zaus siab tshaj 20kHz, uas propagate mus rau ib puag ncig los ntawm ntau yam xov xwm. Lub ultrasonic sensor tau nruab rau hauv lub txee thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig lub suab nrov thiab kev co teeb liab. Lub ultrasonic sensor ntsia rau saum npoo ntawm lub switchgear muaj suab nrov, tab sis lub attenuation ntawm ultrasonic tsis thaum lawv propagate thoob hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, lub teeb liab ultrasonic feem ntau kis tau los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub plhaub switchgear. Cov nyhuv tshuaj xyuas ntawm ultrasonic sensor ntsia hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm lub switchgear yog qhov zoo. Ultrasonic sensors siv piezoelectric crystals li acoustic hluav taws xob hloov dua siab tshiab Cheebtsam los hloov ultrasonic signals rau hauv hluav taws xob signals. Tom qab kev nthuav dav ntxiv thiab cov teeb liab ua tiav, lawv raug xa mus rau qhov system sau rau kev tsom xam, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tso rau hauv lub chaw soj ntsuam. Ib qho kev raug sab nraud tsis sib cuag ultrasonic sensor tsim thiab tsim los ntawm ib lub tuam txhab khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Tianjin, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4, txais tus kheej adsorption tsim, uas yooj yim rau nruab rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm lub plhaub switchgear thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm. thiab cov qauv ntawm tus thawj switchgear. Qhov nruab nrab zaus yog 40kHz thiab tau siv dav hauv kev saib xyuas hauv online hauv zos ntawm lub hwj chim switchgear.

2.3 Earth Wave (TEV) Detection Method

Lub Transient Earth Voltage (TEV) txoj kev xav tau tsim los ntawm Dr. John Reves hauv xyoo 1974. Raws li ib qho kev kuaj xyuas ib feem ntawm qhov hluav taws xob rau kev hloov pauv, TEV txoj kev kuaj pom tau raug tsim thiab txhawb nqa. Raws li Maxwell txoj kev xav, thaum electromagnetic nthwv dej nthuav tawm hauv qhov chaw thiab ntsib tus neeg xyuas pib, tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no nrog tib zaus raws li cov hluav taws xob nthwv dej uas txhawb nqa nws. Lub electromagnetic yoj tsim los ntawm ib feem ntawm cov pa tawm pulse feem ntau yog ntau txhiab HZ txog kaum ntawm megahertz, yog li cov hluav taws xob hauv lub txee hloov pauv tau xa mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub txee hloov, thiab cov mem tes luv tam sim no raug cuam tshuam rau ntawm cov hlau nto ze ntawm qhov paug tawm. taw tes. Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm "cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij", pulse tam sim no thawj zaug propagates nyob rau hauv lub puab txheej ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog hlau. Yog tias lub plhaub hlau txuas ntxiv tiv thaiv, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ntes cov teeb liab sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev muaj tiag, yuav muaj qhov tsis sib xws hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev gasket, lub thawv pob qij txha, cov terminals, thiab lwm yam haujlwm ntawm lub plhaub hlau switchgear. High zaus mem tes tam sim no cov teeb liab tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub switchgear los ntawm cov qhov khoob no, tsim hluav taws xob ib ntus, hu ua ib ntus hauv av voltage (TEV), Cov teeb liab no tuaj yeem ntsuas rau saum npoo ntawm lub txee hloov pauv los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb coupling capacitance sensor, thiab Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias tsis muaj ib feem ntawm qhov tso tawm thiab tawm qhov hnyav hauv lub txee hloov los ntawm cov teeb liab no. Kev soj ntsuam cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ultrasound thiab TEV txoj kev muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 5.

Xav txog cov qauv ntawm lub switchgear thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub installation ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub site xeem ua los ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm kuaj, nws tau pom tias lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej txheem ntawm lub hwj chim switchgear nyob rau hauv zoo mob. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ua ke ntawm lub suab thiab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo rau lub xeev ua haujlwm. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib nrab thiab cov khoom siv ntawm EATechnology tau siv rau cov tuam txhab muab hluav taws xob thiab cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob hauv ntau tshaj 40 lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb, ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib nrab rau TEV switchgear, thiab tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv ntau yam. handheld ib feem paug ntes ntes UltraTEVPlus (UTP1), uas yog ib tug handheld quantitative cuab tam rau niaj hnub tshuaj xyuas ntawm ib nrab paug.

Hauv Suav teb, txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb cuam tshuam tau pib lig, kev nce qib tseem ceeb tseem tau ua. Tam sim no, zoo ib yam li cov khoom kuaj pom cov paug tawm xws li PEV-100 ntawm Tianjin Xuezi Power Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. kuj tshwm sim., Nws yog ib qho khoom siv los kuaj xyuas cov khoom pov tseg raws li ultrasound thiab TEV, nrog cov khoom tsis muaj - Hu rau ultrasonic sensors thiab TEV sensors kom paub txog cov xwm txheej rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv lub txee hloov, tso saib qhov amplitude, zaus, qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab lwm yam tsis muaj qhov tso tawm ib nrab, thiab muaj qhov ua txhaum ceeb toom thiab cov ntaub ntawv

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